added dockerfile for development (#377)

Dockerfile

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+# This file is part of the Kimai time-tracking app.
+#
+# For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE
+# file that was distributed with this source code.
+ 
+FROM php:7.2.9-apache-stretch
+
+WORKDIR /opt/kimai
+
+RUN php -r "readfile('http://getcomposer.org/installer');" | php -- --install-dir=/usr/bin/ --filename=composer && \
+    apt update && \
+    apt install -y \
+        git \
+        libicu-dev \
+        libjpeg-dev \
+        libldap2-dev \
+        libldb-dev \
+        libpng-dev \
+        unzip \
+        zip \
+        && \
+    docker-php-ext-install \
+        gd \
+        intl \
+        ldap \
+        pdo_mysql \
+        zip && \
+    apt-get -y autoremove && \
+    apt-get clean && \
+    git clone https://github.com/kevinpapst/kimai2.git /opt/kimai && \
+    sed "s/prod/dev/g" .env.dist > .env && \
+    composer install --dev --optimize-autoloader && \
+    bin/console doctrine:database:create && \
+    bin/console doctrine:schema:create && \
+    bin/console doctrine:migrations:version --add --all && \
+    bin/console cache:warmup && \
+    chown -R www-data:www-data var
+
+EXPOSE 8001
+USER www-data
+CMD /opt/kimai/bin/console server:run 0.0.0.0:8001

var/docs/docker.md

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+# Docker
+
+We bundle a simple docker that can be used for test purposes.  Either pull it from docker hub or build it.
+
+## Build the docker
+
+    docker build -t kimai/kimai2:dev .
+
+## Run the docker
+
+    docker run -ti -p 8001:8001 --name kimai2 --rm kimai/kimai2:dev
+
+You can then access the site on http://127.0.0.1:8001. If that doesn't work check the IP of your docker:
+
+    docker inspect -f '{{range .NetworkSettings.Networks}}{{.IPAddress}}{{end}}' kimai2
+
+You can find Kimai at that IP on port 8001.
+
+### Mac using docker-machine
+
+When using dock-machine on your Mac, you need to use the IP of your machine. 
+Considering you started the machine named `default`, you find the IP with:
+
+    docker-machine ip default
+
+## Running commands in the docker
+
+You can run any command in the container in this fashion once it is started.  Add `-ti` to attach a terminal.
+
+    docker exec -ti kimai2 bash
+
+## Create a user and dummy data
+
+See the docs [here](installation.md) for full instructions, but this creates a user admin/admin with all privileges.
+
+    docker exec kimai2 bin/console kimai:create-user admin admin@example.com ROLE_SUPER_ADMIN admin
+
+To install the fixtures:
+
+    docker exec kimai2 bin/console kimai:reset-dev
+
+## Developing against the docker
+
+It is possible to mount your source tree and sqlite DB into the container at run time.
+
+    docker run --rm -d -p 8001:8001 \
+        -v $(pwd)/src:/opt/kimai/src \
+        -v $(pwd)/var/data/kimai.sqlite:/opt/kimai/var/data/kimai.sqlite \
+        --name kimai2 kimai/kimai2:dev
+
+Now edits in the local file tree will be served by the container and database changes will persist.
+
+See [The official docker documentation](https://docs.docker.com/) for more options on running the container.